Bali’s vibrant culture is on full display during Galungan. This is one of the island’s most important religious celebrations and quite the spectacle for tourists.
If you’re visiting Bali during this period, you’re in for an awesome cultural experience filled with stunning decorations, ancient rituals, and a deep sense of spirituality.
But what exactly is Galungan? And what should you expect during your Bali holiday? Here’s everything you need to know.
What is Galungan in Bali?
Galungan is a Balinese Hindu festival that celebrates the victory of good (dharma) over evil (adharma). It is one of the most significant religious events on the island, alongside the Balinese New Year – Nyepi.
It is believed that on this day, ancestral spirits return to our world to visit their families. Offerings are usually made to welcome them.
The festival occurs every 210 days, following the Balinese Pawukon calendar, and lasts for ten days, concluding with Kuningan.
During this time, Balinese Hindus engage in prayers, rituals, and community gatherings, reinforcing their spiritual connection and family bonds.
What is Kuningan in Bali?
Kuningan is the final day of the festival. It’s celebrated ten days after Galungan Day.
It marks the departure of the ancestral spirits who will leave back to the heavens after visiting their families on Earth.
Balinese Hindus prepare special yellow rice offerings (Nasi Kuning), symbolizing gratitude, purity, and prosperity. Temples and homes decorated with unique ornaments like Tamiang (circular palm leaf decorations) and Endongan (hanging offerings).
The atmosphere is peaceful yet festive, with prayers and ceremonies all around Bali. If you’re visiting during this time of year, you can observe the spiritual significance and enjoy the cultural richness of this day.
Galungan and Kuningan Dates
Galungan and Kuningan are both celebrated every 210 days according to the Pawukon calendar. This cycle means that the celebrations can often occur twice in a single year. Here is a list of upcoming dates.
| Year | Galungan Dates | Kuningan Dates |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | April 23rd November 19th | May 3rd November 29th |
| 2026 | June 17th | June 27th |
| 2027 | January 13th August 11th | January 23rd August 21st |
| 2028 | March 8th October 4th | March 18th October 14th |
| 2029 | May 1st November 27th | May 11th December 7th |
| 2030 | June 25th | July 5th |
| 2031 | January 21st August 20th | January 31st August 30th |
Please note that these dates are based on the traditional 210-day calendar and may vary slightly depending on local customs and interpretations.
The History of Galungan and Kuningan
The origins of Galungan and Kuningan trace back to an ancient local legend involving a powerful (and allegedly oppressive) king named Mayadenawa.
According to Balinese mythology, Mayadenawa forbade his people from worshipping Hindu gods, which led to chaos in society.
The myth says that Indra (a powerful diety in Hindu mythology) intervened. This led to a battle which Mayadenawa lost. His fall from the throne represents the triumph of righteousness, and Galungan commemorates this victory.
With Mayadenawa gone and spiritual harmony restored, the spirits of ancestors can visit their families and descendants in a peaceful atmosphere.
What happens on Galungan?
Before Galungan
The days leading up to Galungan are filled with activities. Families work together to prepare elaborate offerings (even more elaborate than Canang Sari), clean their homes and temples, and major Penjor – tall, curved bamboo poles decorated with coconut leaves, fruits, and flowers, which line the streets of Bali.
One of the most important days is Peyekeban, when families ripen bananas for offerings. This symbolizes the readiness to welcome the spirits of ancestors
The next important day is Penyajahan, a day dedicated to making traditional cafes and snacks, which is also used in offerings and shared among family members and neighbours.
Finally, Penampahan – the day before Galungan. This is when pigs or chickens are traditionally slaughtered to prepared celebratory feasts. Temple decoratations are also completed by this day.
On Galungan Day
Galungan itself is a deeply spiritual day. Balinese Hindus dress in their finest Balinese traditional attire (pakaian adat Bali) and visit temples to pray and make offerings. The island is filled with the sound of bells and chanting.
If you happen to be in Bali, this is a fantastic day to witness Balinese traditions firsthand. While many shops and businesses may close during this period (government offices, some markets, and local shops), temples are vibrant with activity. If you’re a photographer, this sight is absolutely wonderful for photos.
The Days After
The festivities don’t end here. In the upcoming days, families continue visiting relatives and temple ceremonies. The celebrations conclude with Kuningan, held ten days after Galungan, when the spirits of ancestors return back to the heavens.
Best Ways to experience Galungan
1. Witness the Penjor Displays
During Galungan, the streets of Bali are transformed into an open-air exhibit as penjors are erected in front of homes and businesses. Take a walk through villages like Ubud or Sidemen to admire these intricate, towering decorations.
2. Visit a Temple Ceremony
Temples become the focal point of the celebrations, with vibrant processions and ceremonies. Major temples like Besakih Temple, Uluwatu Temple, or Tirta Empul are particularly active during this time of year. While visitors are welcome, it’s essential to dress respectfully (sarong and a sash) and observe quietly.
3. Try Traditional Balinese Foods
If you haven’t had a chance to try authentic Balinese food as yet, this is your chance. Balinese families prepare special dishes like lawar (a mix of grated coconut, spices, and meat), Babi Guling (Bali’s famous suckling pig dish), and Jaje (sweet rice cakes).
4. Observe the Community Spirit
It isn’t only about the temple visits (although that’s a huge part of it) – it’s also about family and community. You’ll notice people gathering at family compounds, children playing in traditional clothing, and a general atmosphere of joy. This is more common in the rural areas than in touristy areas like Canggu or Seminyak.
5. Respect the Customs
While the Balinese people are always welcoming to visitors, remember that Galungan is a sacred time of year. Be mindful of the Bali temple etiquette, avoid disturbing prayer sessions, and dress modestly if you visit religious sites.
Final Thoughts
Galungan is hands-down one of the most enchanting times to visit Bali. It offers a rare glimpse into the island’s spiritual heart – a heart that’s always there, whether there is a booming tourism industry or not.
Whether you’re admiring the penjor, grabbing a bite of local food, or quality observing temple ceremonies, this festival will leave you with a deeper appreciation for Balinese culture and history.
If you ever find yourself in Bali during Galungan, embrace the experience – because witnessing a celebration that bridges the human and spiritual realms is truly magical.
Here are some resources for your time in Bali
FAQs about Galungan
Is Bali closed on Galungan Day?
No, Bali is not closed on Galungan Day, but expect things to slow down significantly. Tourist hotspots like major beach clubs, hotels, and restaurants usually remain open. Bali Airport will remain open.
How does Galungan affect tourists visiting Bali?
The main impact will be the traffic, which will be heavier than usual. Expect traffic congestions in areas with large temples.
How often is Galungan celebrated?
Galungan is celebrated every 210 days.
What is the Pawukon calendar?
The Pawukon calendar is a unique 210-day Balinese Hindu calendar used for religious and cultural ceremonies. It consists of ten simultaneous weeks of different lengths, ranging from 1 to 10 days. This calendar is what’s used to guide temple ceremonies and rituals. It also plays a crucial role in Balinese life.
Can I take photographs during Galungan ceremonies?
Yes, you can take photographs during the ceremonies, but with respect and discretion. Ask for permission if you can and remember to stay out of the way during ceremonies. Telephoto lens can come in handy.
What are some other religious days in Bali?
Nyepi – Balinese New Year & the Day of Silence
Melasti – A purification ceremony before Nyepi
Tempek Landep – Blessing of Metal Objects, dedicated to Shiva
Saraswati Day – A day to honour the goddess of wisdom and arts
Pagerwesi – A day of spiritual protection
Learn more about Bali culture
The Subak System: Bali’s Genius Water Network
Balinese Hinduism: Traditions, Beliefs & What Makes It Unique
Who are the Pecalang? Bali’s Traditional Security Explained
Ogoh-Ogoh – 15 Best Places to see Ogoh-Ogoh Parades in Bali
Canang Sari – Beautiful Facts about Bali’s Daily Offerings
Metatah – 7 Fascinating facts about Balinese Tooth Filing
Neil
I’ve been in Bali for so long I’ve grown roots (literally and metaphorically). For the past 10 years, I’ve experienced Bali from every angle. I’ve explored the temples, I’ve tried all the food, and I’m proudly fluent in the Indonesian language. I hope our website helps you get an authentic experience for your holiday in Bali, whether you’re here to enjoy the finer things in life, or to learn more about Bali’s rich culture.
